The King Of The Bible - 1928 Words

It’s recorded in the Bible that there were judges. Judges were different in the Bible compared to judges now in the twenty first century. Judges back then were deliverers chosen by God to deliver Israel’s people from their enemies. Judges now are public officials chosen to decide cases in a court of law. Othniel The first well known judge in the Bible was Othniel. Othniel is first spoken about in Judges 1:13. Othniel is the son Kenaz who was the younger brother of Caleb. Othniel married Aksah the daughter of Caleb. God called on Othniel to rescue Israel because Israel weren’t serving God they had been serving Baals Asherahs. God was so enraged that he led them into the hands of Chushan-Rishathaim the king of Aram for eight years. Then†¦show more content†¦Deborah The forth judge was Deborah who was the first only female judge in the Bible. Deborah was called upon by God to rescue the Israelites. The Israelites did evil so God put them in the hands of Jabin the king of Canaan who cruelly oppressed the Israelites for twenty years. Then the Israelites cried to God for help. Deborah was the wife of Lappidoth was chosen by God to rescue the Israelites. Deborah sent for Barak the son of Abinoam into Naphtali told him â€Å"The God of Israel commands you to go take ten thousand men of Naphtali Zebulun lead them up to Mount Tabor. While I lead Sisera, the commander of Jabin’s army, with his chariots his troops to the Kishon River give him into your hands.† they did as was said. Barak pursued the chariots his army all of Sisera’s troops fell onto their swords; not a man was left. Sisera on the other hand had left on foot to Jael’s tent. Jael let Sisera enter covered him with a blanket gave him something to drin k. Sisera told Jael to stand in the doorway to insure if anyone had come by asked her if anyone was there say no. Jael took a tent peg a hammer. While Sisera was fast asleep Jael drove a tent peg through Sisera’s temple into the ground he died. God subdued the king of Canaan before the Israelites eventually the Israelites destroyed the king of Canaan then the land had peace for forty years. Gideon Gideon was the fifth judge to be called to rescue the IsraelitesShow MoreRelatedThe King James Version Bible1483 Words   |  6 PagesAmy J. Helgeson Beth Baxley Advanced English 9, Period 5 20 April 2015 To Preach or Not to Preach The King James version bible states in ‘Genesis 1:26-27’ that â€Å"Gods image is shared equally by women and men†. ‘Exodus 36:1’ says, â€Å"use your skills to honor God†. Despite what the bible seems to be saying, women do not have the same opportunities as men in Christian religious settings. Imagine a woman in the Christian faith who has the qualifications to preach the word of God and the eagerness to serveRead MoreThe King James Version Of The Bible1517 Words   |  7 Pagesonly one example of the many in the King James Version of The Bible, that tells one who Joseph really was. Joseph was only 17 years old when he was introduced in the Bible. Joseph, was his father’s favorite out of all his brothers, he knew it-and so did they. He received a coat of many colors, which back in this time period everyone had coats; however, the coat given to Joseph was ankle length and in beautiful colors (meaning royalty). The coat, according to th e Bible, was given to Joseph by his fatherRead MoreA Better M The King James Bible854 Words   |  4 PagesA Better Man: As written in the King James Bible, chapter 5 verse 8 in first Peter it talks about to be sober, be vigilant, because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour. Therefore if I resist the devil, meditate on your precept and consider your ways. I will live a prosperous life and have good success. The Bible also says in the book of Joshua. There shall not any man be able to stand before thee all the days of thy life: as I was with Moses, soRead MoreThe King James Bible : Old And New Testament1637 Words   |  7 Pages The King James Bible (Old and New Testament) 13) The Creation of the World; the Garden of Eden; Adam and Eve; Original Sin; the Fall The beginning of the Old Testament starts by explaining how God created everything within seven days. He creates night and day, the sky and the ocean, vegetation, the stars, sun and moon, sea creatures, land creatures, and for the seventh day he rests. The Garden of Eden was the paradise where man once lived until Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit thus creatingRead MoreThe Merchant Of Venice And The King James Version Of The Bible1348 Words   |  6 Pagescombination of prudence and ambition. Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein, and the King James Version of the Bible supply examples where characters’ success is based on their ambition and their prudence. Ambition must be tempered with prudence in order to achieve any sort of good result; sole ambition leads one to failure and/or destruction. In the Merchant of Venice and the Bible Bassanio, Eve, and Jacob are able to mix their ambition with prudence and as a result are successfulRe ad MoreThe Old Testament, By King James Version Of The Bible2071 Words   |  9 Pagesportrayed in the Old Testament are that land is an inheritance, land is to be shared with all of humanity, and land can be both a gift and a curse depending on the ability of the people to follow God’s commandments. Often times in the King James Version of the bible we hear of the people of Israel â€Å"conquering† or â€Å"possessing† the land. This can lead the reader astray in that it portrays the stories of the Old Testament as a series of wars ordained by God in order for the people to inhabit the landRead MoreThe King James Bible Remains The Most Significant Book1137 Words   |  5 PagesThe King James Bible remains the most significant book of all English literature to date, however, a substantial part of the population appears to be ignorant of the history of Bible translation. In this essay, the reader will go through some of the principal names in the history of Bible translation. Particularly important questions will be answered such as, â€Å"What are the consequences that ran upwards to the translation of these texts?† â€Å"What are the pros and cons of this translation?†, in additionRead MoreEssay on 3.13 Final Draft630 Words   |  3 PagesThe bible is used in kings letter because it is Holy and holds the truth which gives King a chance to correct it with his life and make people believe in his words and actually see what he is saying. The bible is included in kings writing with the structure of allusion. Kings uses allusion and combines the Bible with his letter. The bible is Holy and holds only the truth, which makes people believe in it. He knows you can’t doubt a Bible about the true facts in it so he uses it so people can herRead MoreExplain The Difference Between Reading The Bible Confessionally And Critical939 Words   |  4 PagesI. 1. Explain the difference between reading the Bible confessionally, and reading it critically. The difference between reading the Bible confessionally, and critically is, your approach to your reading. To read confessionally means you are reading it as the (â€Å"word of God†) theologically. Where, as if your reading the Bible critically you are reading to find deep understanding of the material through analyzing, evaluating and self-reflection. 2. Explain the three big â€Å"T† obstacles a readerRead MoreWilliam Coverdale ( 1488-1569 ), The Great Bible911 Words   |  4 Pages William Coverdale (1488-1569), The Great Bible The atmosphere changed in England as Rome and Henry the VIII came into conflict. Henry the VII wanted to divorce his Catholic wife, Katherine of Aragon, the Catholic Church refused. When the Pope refused, Henry VII renounced the Catholic Church and appointed himself head of the Church of England. To spite the Catholic Church and unify his kingdom, he ordered the Bible printed and translated into English, and placed in all the churches

The Mental Illness Of Jake s Disability - 889 Words

Jake has started taking strenuous classes this semester and has developed an anxiety disorder. This is a mental illness that causes constant worry and fear. In psychology, there are many ways to look at the development and treatments for this affliction. Behavioral, humanistic, and cognitive are three approaches that look at Jake’s disability in a similar, yet a contrasting manner. The behavioral approach studies how one behaves and reacts in situations that trigger anxiety. Jake is psyching himself out by his recently harder classes. In other words, he dreads taking these classes because he associates them with anxiousness. This learning is processed through paired association. In this example, the unconditioned stimulus would be the advanced class and the unconditioned response would be Jake becoming anxious. Systematic desensitization can treat this due to that fact that it is learned from the environment. Jake will go through gradual steps to reach full treatment. First, Jake must learn to relax through training. Second, Jake will create a list of objects or situations in school that makes him uneasy. Lastly, he will face the stimuli in a relaxed state. As an illustration, Jake tells the therapist that the tests in his new classes worry him. The therapist will guide Jake to become less tense while studying and taking the test. This will make his apprehensio n decrease and treat his anxiety disorder. Psychologists view this today as having the ability to clearly measureShow MoreRelatedThe Color Purple Chapter 11267 Words   |  6 PagesVampires† In this chapter, Foster talks about the deeper meaning for the purpose of vampires and ghosts and how they do not just give the readers a scare. Vampires can be about sex and exploitation, while ghosts can be a messenger warning, or mental illness. While these monsters are vampire and ghosts, they can also be shown as human beings. As a kid, Celie gets continuously raped by her stepfather, which strips her of her innocence. Celie is later forced to marry Albert, an abusive man, who rapesRead MoreWellness Programs: Disease Management Essay1564 Words   |  7 Pagesculture, health status, and health needs of the populations of which they are a member (Association of American Medical Colleges, 1999). Wellness Programs Wellness programs are organized and coordinated programs with a goal of enhancing the physical, mental, and emotional status of individuals (Watt, Verma, Flynn, 2008). The functional elements of a wellness program utilize a combination of educational, executive, and environmental behaviors designed to support actions conducive to the health of individualsRead Morecommuntiy service assignemnt Essay1544 Words   |  7 Pagesof the child 3. How would you prepare to make a report? Answer q3 1. time and date sign all documented 2.follow all policy and procedures in your work place 3.details of child ,dob name , address phone number, parent or carer if child has disability any back ground if known 4.document what the mother has stated 4. Who would you notify and when? Answer q4 1.immediately discuss situation with your supervisor after you suspect the abuse to the child 5. What actions/work practices youRead MoreJake Fuller. 05-16-2017. Hec 357. Music Therapy How It1621 Words   |  7 PagesJake Fuller 05-16-2017 HEC 357 Music Therapy; How it effects emotional and physical health. Purpose of Study The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects that music therapy has individual and family health. The purpose of study relates directly to benefitting the community. Research Questions How can music therapy effect an individual with a disability? How does music therapy effect an individual’s emotions? How can music therapy help with health issues? Definitions and Terms Music Therapy-Read MoreAsperger’s Syndrome: Madness, Savantism, or Genius2985 Words   |  12 Pageswhether or not Asperger’s and other conditions (such as ADHD-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) should be part of the autism spectrum. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV-TR (DSM-IV-TR) lists the diagnostic criteria of Asperger’s syndrome as being: (a) Marked impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors, such as eye-to-eye gaze, facial expression, body postures, and gestures to regulate socialRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Within The United States2211 Words   |  9 Pagesagree that child abuse, its impacts, as well as its victims, merit consideration in the context of solutions and overall prevention. Keywords: child abuse, neglect, physical abuse, emotional maltreatment Delineating Child Abuse in the U. S. There are a plethora of life altering events that can befall a child in the United States. Some of those are poverty, lack of equitable educational opportunities, and child abuse. The information in this essay will focus on the latter. The adventRead MoreA Jerney in to the Deaf World15812 Words   |  64 Pagesis the narrator and introduces us to Jake Cohan, Laurel Case, Roberto Rivera and Henry Byrne. Ben is a CODA, Child Of Deaf Adults, and like many CODA’s tried to stray from the deaf community be was eventually drawn back to it. He is currently teaching at the only deaf college called Galludet University. Each of these characters describes there lives growing up deaf from when they became deaf, to how their parents reacted, to how they feel about it now. Jake describes himself as a CODA, his parentsRead MoreCase Study for Autism13506 Words   |  55 PagesAbstract At a training session in Loudoun County Public Schools (LCPS) on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), statistics were shared of the number of students in the school system with an ASD diagnosis. It has become the third most common childhood illness. In the LCPS 10.6% of Individualized Education Programs (IEP) are dedicated to students with Autism (Buswell, 2009). These figures indicate teachers need to understand how to modify teaching strategies to empower these students to succeed. CharacteristicsRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 PagesLondon, England. My interest in OCD and unwanted intrusive thoughts was sparked by the stimulating discussions and innovative research of the clinical faculty, most notably Jack Rachman and Padmal de Silva. My doctoral thesis on the psychophysiology of mental control and unwanted intrusive thoughts was an outgrowth of their insights into the pathology of obsessional thought. vii viii Preface In the late 1980s, I was introduced to the cognitive perspective on clinical disorders by Aaron T. BeckRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Psychological Contracts Free Essays

Introduction Psychological contracts can be defined as the informal and unwritten agreement between organisations and employees (Conway et al, 2005). An improvement in the general level of education and literacy rates has resulted in a shift from informal to formal contracts (Cullinane Dundon, 2006). The term psychological contract can be used to describe a combination of mutual beliefs and informal obligations that exist between an employee and an employer. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychological Contracts or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is quite different to written contracts that are more formal and acceptable in the court of law for the fact that they are printed on paper and can be reviewed by third parties. A growth in the volume of commercial activities made it difficult for early organisations to come up with tailor made contracts for each individual employee (Coyle?Shapiro Shore, 2007). This led to the proliferation of trade unions which sought to protect the interests of employees. Meanwhile the concept of psychological contract owes its origin to the human resource management (HRM) field and it has become an important concept in the practice of human resource management. This is because although employees sign contracts today, both the employer and employees have expectations outside the formal contracts which govern their relationships. For instance, when an employee loses a close one, many employers will make an effort to attend the funeral or even offer a cheque to support the individual to meet the funeral costs especially for deceased immediate family members. This gesture is not included in the formal contracts. Although there has been a major shift from psychological to formal contracts, psychological contracts continue to exist in HRM today. Psychological contracts change over time considering the fact that the needs and expectations of employees and their organisations also change over time (Conway et al, 2005). When an employee starts working after graduating from the university, his or her expectations are different. When the employee has worked for more than two years, their expectations become different and needs change. More elderly employees are concerned about retirement planning after their career. The younger employees who are still single would pay less attention to retirement issues and focus on themselves. Many young married women prefer jobs that will make it possible for them to take care of their kids. This is because they consider their career and family needs before accepting a job offer. In this respect, the psychological contract continues to evolve from one generation of employees to another, as each generation has a different priority (Wellin, 2007). In a like manner, organisational expectations fro m employees differ over time. When an organisation begins, it has different expectations from its employees. For the most part, many young organisations are eager about growth. They expect the employees to put in their very best to ensure that the organisation grows. However, as time goes by, the organisation’s needs begin to change. After having achieved growth, the organisation becomes concerned about consolidating its market position. During these changing times, the organisation’s expectations also evolve. Although psychological contracts are not legally binding, and are not included on paper, they continue to exist today and help to moderate the relationship between employers and employees (Truss et al, 2006). Psychological contracts are deeply rooted in organisational culture and beliefs (Cullinane Dundon, 2006). Once an organisation develops its culture, employees quickly identify the informal expectations of the organisation. On the other hand, employee associ ations such as trade unions and other labour movements also pass on information on employee expectations. Sometimes, this is manifested through strike actions and other activities that allow employers to understand the expectations of their employees. Changes in psychological contracts have continued to take place over the years. According to Rousseau (1995) three distinct eras can be identified in the evolution of psychological contracts. These three stages include the emerging phase, bureaucratic phase and the adhocracy phase (Rousseau, 1995). The emerging phase took place in the 18th Century in the beginning of the industrial revolution. It was characterised by a centralised workplace with powerful managers who exercised high levels of control over employees. Royal Doulton and Twinnings are two UK organisations that have survived the era till this present day. The bureaucratic phase began in the 1930s in top companies such as Ford. During this period, companies took care of loyal servants and were returned with lifetime employment (Rousseau, 1995). The psychological contract included loyalty and life time employment. The adhocracy phase, which emerged in the 1990s was led by successful IT businesses such as Apple and the other famous dotcom ventures. The era witnessed the proliferation of global organisations that emphasised the importance of the use of knowledge. These companies operate many different psychological contracts for various groups of employees. Comparison of Classic Modern Psychological Contracts Classic Psychological ContractModern Psychological Contract The organisation was perceived as ‘father’ to employee that was perceived as ‘child’Organisation and employees are both considered as ‘adults’ The organisation was the one that defined employees worth and valueEmployees have the capacity to define both their worth and their value The employers retained loyal workers whom it considered as goodNew employees flow in and out of the organisation with new innovative ideas Employees who obeyed all instructions were hired for lifeIt is unlikely for the Y generation to work for one organisation for life Employees grew mainly through promotion and upon recommendation from managersEmployees can grow through personal development Source: Niehoff, 2011 Considering the fact that the nature of psychological contracts is constantly changing, it is important for both employees and organisation to look for new ways of meeting the expectations of each other (Bunderson, 2000). The Y generation has its own set of expectations when it comes to psychological contracts. The new generation is more educated and spend much time online. For this reason, organisation must also take into account their needs and expectations in order to meet up with the psychological contract. One of the best ways through which companies can do this is by creating an online presence and promoting online interactions to promote the sharing of experiences amongst employees (Conway Briner, 2005). Younger employees prefer to read information online rather than read books that can take much of their time. As such, organisations need to take into account the needs of their employees irrespective of their generation so as to ensure that both sides fulfil their side of the psychological contract (Feldheim, 1999). Cisco’s new report dubbed Connected World Technology Report has demonstrated that the younger generation (18-29 age bracket) are more attached to their technology than previously thought (Niehoff, 2011). Many employers are sceptical about recruiting the younger generation because they are more attached to technology than every other thing (Niehoff, 2011). The study confirmed the often vague and baseless claims that associated the Y generation to mobile and cyber technology obsession. According to the study, one in three university students surveyed said Facebook and other technology they invested in were just as valuable as air, water and shelter. Over 26% of respondents said being able to work remotely from home should be a right, and not privilege. Up to 74% of the university students surveyed said they should be able to access their corporate network in the future from their home computers in the future (Niehoff, 2011). This demonstrates the level of attachment the younger generation places on technology and the virtual world. That notwithstanding, organisations should give the younger generation the opportunity to participate in building their businesses. The fact that they are young and energetic means that they have much to contribute to the growth of these organisations. Besides, online presence is necessary for promoting and marketing businesses these days. It is therefore left to employers to know when and how to hire young people in order to benefit from their capacity to contribute to their growth. In the 2010 survey, three out of five employees believed that the office was not necessary since employees can connect virtually and get work done from home (Niehoff, 2011). In conclusion, psychological contracts have been around for more than a number of centuries. And they are not expected to stop any time soon because organisations and employees will continue to develop non-verbal expectations from each other. Irrespective of the generation of employees that work in a company, management must continue to cater for the expectations of all its employees. This can take any form, such as promoting personal development of employees who have offered their services to the organisation over the years. When organisations hire employees, they outline the tasks which they expect these employees to perform. That notwithstanding, they expect the employees to do much more than what is written on paper. For instance, Apple does not expect its employees to go online and make comments that market Samsung smart phones. This is because they are competitors. Apple expects its employees to promote its services even in their social gatherings and amongst family members. Ho wever, this is not included in the formal employment contract. Reference Bunderson, S. (2000) â€Å"How work ideologies shape the psychological contracts of professional employees: doctors’ responses to perceived breach†, Journal of Organisational behaviour, Volume: 22, Page: 714-741 Conway, N. and Briner, R. (2005) Understanding psychological contracts at work: a critical evaluation of theory and research. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Conway, Neil Briner, Rob B. (2005) Understanding Psychological Contracts at Work: A Critical Evaluation of Theory and Research. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, (2005) Coyle?Shapiro, J. and Shore, L.M. (2007) The employee?organization relationship: where do we go from hereHuman Resource Management Review. Vol 17, No 2, June. pp166?179. Cullinane, N. and Dundon, T. (2006) The psychological contract: a critical review. International Journal of Management Reviews. Vol 8, No 2,pp113?129. Feldheim, M. (1999) Downsizing. Paper presented at the Southeastern Conference of Public Administration, St. Petersburg, FL, October 6–9 Lester, Scott W., Kickul, Jill (2001), â€Å"Psychological contracts in the 21st century: What employees value most and how well organizations are responding to these expectations†, HR. Human Resource Planning, Volume: 24, Issue: 1, Page: 10-21 Lester, Scott W., Turnley, William H., Bloodgood, James M., Bolino, Mark C. (2002), â€Å"Not seeing eye to eye: differences in supervisor and subordinate perceptions of and attributions for psychological contract breach†, Journal of Organizational Behaviour, Volume: 23, Page: 39-56 Niehoff, Brian P., Paul, Robert J. (2011), â€Å"The just workplace: Developing and maintaining effective psychological contracts†, Review of Business, Volume: 22, Issue: 1/2, Page: 5-8 Rousseau, D. M. (1995) Psychological Contracts in Organizations: Understanding Written and Unwritten Agreements. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Truss, C., Soane, E. and Edwards, C. (2006) Working life: employee attitudes and engagement 2006. Research report. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Wellin, M. (2007) Managing the psychological contract: using the personal deal to increase business performance. Aldershot: Gower. How to cite Psychological Contracts, Essay examples

Accounting Information System Retailing and Wholesaling

Question: Discuss about the Accounting Information Systemfor Retailing and Wholesaling. Answer: Introduction: Fruito is a grocery store who is retailing and wholesaling the fruits and vegetables in Australias retail market. This case study is revealing the work and risk involved with accounts payable department of this store. This study is done by me to understand the accounts payable and accounting benefits in an organization. This study is describing an audit done by the accounts payable officer in regards of Chief financial officer of Fruito to tell him about the risk which might face by the fruito in near future. This study is revealing about risk, their potential effect on the store, internal control system and some suggestion which will help the store to mitigate the risk. This study helped me in understanding the practical part of accounts payable. Accounting Risk Involving with order and Receive the Goods: The stock ordered by Fruito is of perishable nature. So while making an order of stock for fruito, many risk have been analyzed by me. The internal audit of fruito on accounts payable department is explaining many risks which are facing by Fruito or might face in future. This report is written to CFO of Fruito. The risks analyzed while auditing are credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, legal risk, IT risk and many other risks. The credit risk is involving with Fruitos operation as while receiving the goods, store is only paying half amount and thus the credibility is increasing of the store. Debtors dont make the payment timely and because of the perishable nature of goods, it spoiled quickly and customer dont feel like but it and it causes a loss situation for store (Ewert Wagenhofer, 2005). Liquidity risk is involving with cash and quick asset issues. As store dont maintain quick asset so the liquid risk is always there. Market risk can be occur at any time as the factors of market risk like interest rate, suppliers etc are the external factors and store cannot have any control on it (Barnard, R. F., Cirulli, Flannery, Lanuti, Murphy, 2010). Ordering is also a big issue for store as the co ordination among all the departments is not good. Impacts of Risk: The risks which were analyzed while auditing the store can make a negative impact on the store at any time. Many of these risks cannot be controlled as these are related with external environment. But some of them can be mitigated by taking an action. Credit risk makes a negative impact on firms goodwill and credit points in the market and among the financers. As if the credit points are not good, nobody feel interested to give the loan to that firm. Liquid risk is impacting on firms cash, bank etc balance. As if there is not enough balance, it is a risk for Fruito to make payments to supplier and other stakeholders. Market risk is related to external environment. This can impact on fruito either by increasing the interest rate or by the suppliers. Legal and technology risks impact on Fruitos order making and receiving ways. Other risks are also involving with Fruito (Schuster, Dunaway, Keen, Vibbert, 2010). Implementing Internal Control: All the above risks are impacting negatively on Fruitos operations and other departments. There are many ways to make the risk keep away from the store. Internal control system helps an organization to make a control on all the challenges and risk which can be occur at any time. Following are the ways and techniques fruito can use to implement the internal control system. Another department must be built by Fruito for Risk management (Larcker, Richardson Tuna, 2007). This department must make such strategy that all the risk can be overcome. And this department must find out all the risk which can occur in future. Fruito is suggested to make an improvement in its documentation and update procedure. Fruitos departments must keep their eye on all the work which is going on (Hahn, Kuhn, 2012). New technology must be implemented in it. Thus these all internal control system will help Fruito to have a control on internal risk (Marinovic, 2013). Mitigation of Risk: Risk mitigation is important for all the organization. Firm cannot mitigate the external risk but it can have control on internal risk. Risk mitigation is important as if an organization will not make any effort towards risk control then it can impact badly and negatively in future. Same as with fruito, as if it will not control on risks, then it can lose its competitive advantage and market share (Biddle Hilary, 2006). Risk management team can help the Fruito to have a control as well as mitigate the risk. Changes in some policies and procedure can also help Fruito to mitigate the risk and overcome all the risk. Choose the best supplier in the market and make a deal with him can also help the organization. Preserve the goods in best manner and loading and unloading must be done in a better way to keep the fruits and vegetable fresh (Bartov Mohanram, 2004). The supplier must provide good quality product by charging less, it only can help the organization to maintain the good accounts and make profits. Maintaining good relation and liquidity of Fruito will also help it in mitigating. Technology aspect are also useful in mitigating the risk. Conclusion: After doing a research on this case study, it can be concluded that Fruito is facing many problem in its accounts payable department and other department also. All the departments must be work with a good co ordination and a risk management department must be introduced by Fruito. The accounting is the main part of every organization as it controls all the financial activity of an organization. References: Bartov, E., Mohanram, P. (2004). Private information, earnings manipulations, and executive stock-option exercises. The Accounting Review, 79(4), 889-920. Biddle, G. C., Hilary, G. (2006). Accounting quality and firm-level capital investment. The Accounting Review, 81(5), 963-982. Ewert, R., Wagenhofer, A. (2005). Economic effects of tightening accounting standards to restrict earnings management. The Accounting Review, 80(4), 1101-1124. Larcker, D.F., Richardson, S.A. and Tuna, I., 2007. Corporate governance, accounting outcomes, and organizational performance. The Accounting Review, 82(4), pp.963-1008. Hahn, G. J., Kuhn, H. (2012). Value-based performance and risk management in supply chains: A robust optimization approach.International Journal of Production Economics,139(1), 135-144. Barnard, R. F., Cirulli, P. J., Flannery, K. J., Lanuti, C. J., Murphy, J. M. (2010).U.S. Patent No. 7,702,533. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Schuster, J. V., Dunaway, J. C., Keen, G., Vibbert, M. (2010).U.S. Patent No. 7,672,884. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Marinovic, I. (2013). Internal control system, earnings quality, and the dynamics of financial reporting.The RAND Journal of Economics,44(1), 145-167.

Salamander Essays - Amphibians, Mole Salamanders, Salamander

Salamander The Salamander The salamander is a curious creature. Among the kingdom Animalia, they fall in the Phylum Chordate and in the Sub-Phylum vertebrata. Their Class is Amphibia, and their order is urodela. They are amphibians, which comes from Greek words meaning both life. This truly describes the life and life cycle of the salamander. The salamander, along with the newt, frog, and toad belong in the order Amphiba and all are ancestors to the first aquatic vertebrates to begin to colonize on land. Salamanders are found in the Americas and in the temperate zones of North Africa, Asia, and Europe. Often mistaken for lizards, salamanders have soft moist skin covering their long bodies and even longer tails. No scales are found on their body, and they have no claws or external ear openings. There are basically three types of salamanders. The first is the aquatic, the second is the semi-aquatic, and the third is the completely terrestrial. The aquatic live out their full life cycles in water, while the semi aquatic live primarily on land, and hibernate as well as bread in the water. The Terrestrial salamander spends its entire lifetime on land, though they are never found far from water. The larva of a Salamander is often confused with tadpoles, the offspring of frogs. The only optical difference is the size of the tadpoles head is larger then the larva of a salamander. The reproductive systems of salamanders have numerous steps. First, the Courtship's take place. The courtships are often elaborate, and filed with specific positions and movements. Next, the male secretes a spermatophore, or sperm packet, and the female picks it up with the lips of the external opening. This opening leads to the cloaca, where the oviducts, intestine, and urinary ducts empty. Her eggs are then fertilized by the sperm packet, and may be laid right away, or retained. If the fertilized eggs are retained, several layers are secreted around the eggs, including the ?jelly? like substance that swells with water and moisture to protect the eggs as well as hold them together. The young are then retained throughout their development and then are born. Most salamanders grow to be around ten centimeters. The largest salamander, the Andrias Japonicus, found in Japan, can grow up to seventy inches. The majority of all salamanders and their larva are carnivores. They eat anything from insects, small invertebrates, fish, frogs, and other salamanders. The salamander is voiceless and chiefly a nocturnal animal. Salamanders from cooler climates bury themselves in soil or the mud at the bottom of ponds or lakes. They do this when they hibernate to avoid frost and to maintain an even temperature. Science

A Payment By Results system Essay Example

A Payment By Results system Essay Example A Payment By Results system Essay A Payment By Results system Essay One basic way of regarding todays competing organizations is to view them as a system. Doing so, there are multiple factors that need to be assessed in order for companies to achieve their objectives. Reward management is a crucial element for the present and future of a companys survival. The reward system that we will cover at the moment is Payment By Results. The perspectives from which we can evaluate the quality of this system are motivation, commitment and flexibility. We must bear in mind that each company has a specific strategy in a long-term basis; therefore all the decision-making should be compatible to the latter. Apart from that, limitations, in terms of environment have to be considered. Employees want to earn higher or extra pay. Managers must believe that the financial motive for work is extremely important, more so than non financial motives and the most effective way of harnessing this motive is by the use of Payment By Results system not simply by paying higher wages(Behrend, 1959). Using this system, with examples including piece rate and commission, employees earn one third more than colleagues on a time rate system (Cowling James, 1994). It goes without saying that every reward system can have benefits as well as drawbacks for every organization. These depend on a number of factors. Advantages As mentioned previously, companies have found it imperative to motivate their employees in order to engender their performance at work. According to this reward system, the extent of the additional income of the employees will be closely related to the quality of their work. Needless to say, this is an effective way of giving the right incentives to a companys workforce to encourage them to excel and perform to the optimum. Apart from that, the creativity and imagination of each employee will be enhanced, so the company will be able to strive in their field. Cost-effectiveness is vital when a company requires goals that will create beneficial results. PBR can reduce a companys supervision costs. Since they already understand that due to the policy of the company they will be paid according to their own results, it gives them an incentive to perform as if they were supervised. So, it is all about finding the right way to harness an advantage. And PBR can offer a very effective solution for a company, because it is easily transformed efforts into high earnings achievements (there is no cap in earnings to an individual; the skys the limit). In addition, the emphasis reinforces the psychological contract between employer and employee and implies that the company wishes to share with their workforce. By showing interest in offering the conscientious employees additional income, organisations can, in a discrete way, enforce their employees commitment and, moreover, make them believe that the company will provide them its full support. This entirely beneficial outcome is possible by being as objective as possible when assessing the individuals output. Taking into account the Proctor and Gamble (PG) case study, Bob Wehling, PGs Global Marketing Officer asserts that their main objective was to increase top-line sales growth. The tool they used to achieve this was PBR. Putting aside the commission-based agency remuneration, PBR was the system they fostered to pay their advertising agencies a percentage of the sales and increase their flexibility. So the advertisement business world found an ally for a more optimistic future development. The creation of a stable workforce is also a rather favourable goal, especially when occurs for the long-term. Making use of the PBR reward system companies can acknowledge the value of each employee and offer them benefits accordingly. Therefore, it is rational to believe that by doing so the employees will be highly satisfied by the behaviour and the recognition of their company. Disadvantages However beneficial can this reward system be, it relies heavily on sensitive criteria because the quality of individuals work is not the easiest thing to assess in many jobs. So, this can bring about many drawbacks. Someone might argue that it is in the companys hands to take such difficult situations in their stride by setting appropriate criteria for evaluation. Yet, problems regarding this do occur. Some companies do measure their employees outcome by sales (like the Procter Gamble case study) and others by the increased number of clients. However, what is vital for a company is that they should be aware of their employees average abilities and make effort in guaranteeing that the final quality of the products or services they provide is always more important than the quantity. Problems may also arise when it is difficult for internal or external reasons to install PBR or when the trade unions might feel upset or unwilling to accept the way by which they are evaluated. In addition, PBR is likely to bring about a friction between employees when it comes to team-work, due to the fact that on the one hand all will try to perform their best, but on the other hand the will try to improve themselves at expense of their colleagues. Again, it is the obligation of the organization to settle specific rules and roles in order to avoid a negative potential situation like that. Payment By Results system is expensive to install and maintain. Output cannot be easily measured data can be manipulated and falsely recorded. One important condition that should not occur is that increase in production or output must not be at the expense of quality. Money is not the only Motivator. Recommendations One could reasonably wonder whether PBR is a reward system that is worth installing and maintaining. Although there is no certain answer to a question like that, it is recommended that any company interested in using this system should take some things into consideration. For instance, the organisation must have clear and well-planned standards not only of the goals of a company, but in the regard to the procedures that an employee s outcome is measured. Apart from that, a healthy interaction is more than necessary, in order to bring about a balanced rapport between company, managers and simple employees. We note that all of these are mere recommendations and that each company, according to their culture, strategy, structure and power, can have a distinct way of installing a Payment By Results system.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Assignment Example Hence, the satisfaction of the aforementioned levels prompts people to endeavor to meet the complex needs. In effect, the psychological needs includes sharing of belonging, affection, and love with friends and families. The fourth level entails self-esteem in which people attempt to gain approval, as well as recognition. People achieve self-esteem when they are comfortable with their achievements. Self-actualization represents the last level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. In this level, people focus on building their image after accomplishing set goals. In essence, the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is an important in exploring employees’ motivation. The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is important in improving the management of the information technology personnel. The management team should apply the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs in understanding the personnel’s motivation, as well as needs in order to create the environment that motivates employees. Disselkamp (2013) contends that money is a real motivating factor in satisfying the security and physiological needs of the workers. In this respect, money plays a significant role in satisfying the basic human needs. Similarly, money satisfies the social needs of the employees, and is recognized as the basis of the status, power, and respect. Thus, management can use financial incentives to keep the level of motivation among information technology personnel high. Similarly, the management of the information technology personnel should endeavor to offer job security. Lauby (2005) observes that employees tend to be worried about imminent lay-offs if job security does not exist. Hence, the managers should keep the levels of motivation among employees high through giving them job security. The managers should use Maslow hierarchy of needs to establish health care insurance benefits, fringe benefits, pension plans, retirement plans, and job security.